Squidco: Search

Artist Title Label

Click for Advanced Search
Artist List
Label List

Edit Your Shopping Cart
Your cart is empty

  Useful Links:
   Squidco Home
   My Account
   Log Out
   Checkout

   About Squidco
   Payment & Shipping
   Philosophy/F.A.Q.
   Retail Space

  Join Our Mailing List!

   Staff Picks
   New in Improv & Jazz
   New in Experimental
   New in Rock / RIO / Prog
   New in Compositional
   New in Used

   Just In Stock
   Recently Restocked
   Current Email Update
   Upcoming Releases
   Top Sellers
   Rewards
   Gift Certificates
   Contact Us

Release Formats    ∇

   All CDs
   All Vinyl
   All DVDs
   All Books & Magazines
   All Cassettes
   All Used CDs

Featured Genres ∇

Improvisation
   Jazz
   Free Improvisation
   NY/Downtown
   London/UK Improv
   Europe/Improv
   Quebec/Actuelle

Electro-Acoustic
   E-A Improv
   Organized/Concrète
   Lowercase/
     Reductionist/
     ONKYO
   Sound & Noise
   Field Recordings
   Electronica
   Ambient

Rock
   Improvised Rock
   Rock in Opposition
   Prog/RIO/Psych
   Chamber Rock

Compositional Forms
   Traditional Avant Garde
   Electroacoustic Composition

Instrumental Forms ∇

Reeds
Brass
Guitar
Stringed Instruments
Piano & Keyboards
Drums & Percussion
Electronics
Turntables
Unusual Voice
Objects &
Home Made Instruments
Instruments with
Preparations

Orchestration ∇

Solo
Duo
Trio
Quartet
Quintet
Sextet
Septet
Octet
Ensemble

Miscellaneous ∇

Historical Recordings
Ltd Editions, OOP
World Music
Soundtracks/Film Music
Spoken Word
Compilations

Shopping Cart	Checkout	Log In	New Account
What's New	New Releases	Just In	Squid's Ear	Squidco?

Search for the following:

Artist

Title

Label

Country

Sort:

Search only in this category:

All Fields	Name	Personnel
Country	Label	Album Title
Album Artist	Squidco Product Code	Description

471 products found

Page 5 of 10 -- Go to Page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

	Product	Price
	Rodrigues / Rodrigues / Trinite: Aether Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22065 Catalog Code: cs359 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Strings and small percussion imbue this darkly beautiful set of extended improvisations from the Portugese trio of Ernesto Rodrigues on viola, Guilherme Rodrigues on cello, and Monsieur Trinite on small percussion; creative richly open soundscapes with intriguing interventions.
	Variable Geometry Orchestra: Quasar Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22064 Catalog Code: cs358 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 Out of Stock
A 46-member orchestra of electroacoustic improvisers performing live at St. George's Church in Lisbon in 2015, for an extended and dynamic tapestry of sound conducted by leader Ernesto Rodrigues, with an impressive list of artists familiar to those following the CS label.
	Erb, Christoph / Frantz Loriot: Sceneries Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22063 Catalog Code: cs356 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
The duo of saxophonist Christoph Erb, best known for his work with the Manuel Mengis Group 6, and French-Japanese violist Frantz Loriot, for five open-minded, technically fascinating and musically unique duos recorded in the studio in Switzerland, 2015.
	Blumer, Fridolin: Camping; Cafe Bar Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22062 Catalog Code: cs354 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
A solid solo outing from Zurich-based double bassist Friodlin, presenting his 4-part "Camping; Cafe Bar" work, blending the jazz idiom with discursive asides and unusual techniques, plus a lovely and appropriately titled work "But Beautiful".
	Rodrigues / Rodrigues / Hindi: Ur Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22061 Catalog Code: cs352 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
A 5-part introspective improvisation from the trio of Creative Sources leader Ernesto Rodrigues on violin, viola, and electronics; Guilherme Rodrigues on cello, pocket trumpet, and radio; and Jassem Hindi on clarinet; subtle work with extended techniques and unexpected punctuation.
	Rodrigues / Area / Torres / Gris: Aleph Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22060 Catalog Code: cs351 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Two freely improvised works performed on cello, sine waves, cracklebox, bottle, synth, cornet and objects from the quartet of frequent collaborators Guilherme Rodrigue, David Area Guillermo Torres, and Tomas Gris, a mix of subtle improvisation and subsuming sound.
	Iridium String Quartet (Rocha / Rodrigues / Rodrigues / Mira): Iridium String Quartet Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22059 Catalog Code: cs350 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Unusual approaches to string improvisation from the quartet of Ernesto Rodrigues (viola), Guilherme Rodrigues (cello), Maria da Rocha (violin), and Miguel Mira (double bass), using extended techniques in subtle yet detailed discourse yielding unexpected qualities to their instruments.
	Rodrigues / Greenlief / Swafford: Sidereus Nuncius Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22058 Catalog Code: cs349 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
An extended and far-ranging acoustic free improvisation from the trio of Ernesto Rodrigues on viola, Phillip Greenlief on tenor sax, and Tom Wafford on violin, recorded live at the Gallery 1412 during the Seattle Improvised Music Festival of 2006.
	Nastesjo, Johannes / Vasco Trilla: Ginkgo Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22057 Catalog Code: cs347 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 Out of Stock
The duo of Johannes Nastesjo on double bass and Vasco Trilla on drums and percussion, an album of extended techniques and unexpected devising, using quietly aggressive techniques balanced by concentrative improv to create unexpected eruptions and unusual sonic environments.
	Prual, Matthieu: Inside Walks Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22056 Catalog Code: cs346 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
A unique approach to solo reeds and winds from French multi-reedist Matthieu Prual, also on flute and ORLA Keyboard, maintaining lyrical and comprehensible approaches with strong technical skills in captivating and succinct statements, truly excellent work.
	IKB: Chelonoidis Nigra Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22055 Catalog Code: cs345 Country: Portugal		Price: $14.95 In Stock
Ernesto Rodrigues leads a 16 piece orchestra of strings, reeds, winds, voice, brass, accordion, electric guitar, electronics and percussion through the elaborately restrained work "Chelodnis Nigra", rewarding the careful listener with fascinating layers of sound.
	Edi Olvitt (Robert / Stokart / Chkifi): LOLO Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22054 Catalog Code: cs344 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Citing their influences as Bill Frisell, Paul Motian, John Zorn, and Steve Lacy, the Brussels-based bassless jazz trio of Quentin Stokart (guitar), Mathieu Robert (sax), and Nicolas Chkifi (drums) play lyrical and intelligently restrained music.
	Parak.eets (Ute Wassermann / Richard Scott / Emilio Gordoa): Natura Venomous Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22053 Catalog Code: cs343 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
The trio of Richard Scott on modular synths, Emilio Gordoa on vibraphone & percussion, and Ute Wasserman on voice, in uniquely orchestrated free improvisations that focuses on sound interaction with detail and restraint, while still bringing a sense of wonder and exuberation.
	Rodrigues / Yamauchi / Santos: The Presence Of Air Particles Ignited By Memory Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22052 Catalog Code: cs342 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Remarkably detailed, slowly moving improvisation from the trio of Katsura Yamauchi on alto sax, Carlos Santos on electronics, and Ernesto Rodrigues on viola, harp and objects, a beautiful balance of acoustic and electronic sound in intensely concentrated music.
	PaPaJo (Hubweber / Lovens / Edwards): Spiela [2 CDs] Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22051 Catalog Code: cs340 Country: Portugal		Price: $23.95 Out of Stock
The long-running trio of Paul Hubweber on trombone, Paul Lovens on drums, and John Edwards on double bass in an album releasing a radio concert from Croatia in 2003, and another from Klangbrucke in 2009; highly attuned free improv with near-telepathic dialog from three masters.
	Nadzharov / Chichilin / Stolyar: NaChiSto Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22049 Catalog Code: cs336 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Spontaneous compositions of freely improvised music performed on piano, synth, whistles, electroacoustic guitar, percussion, live electronics and effects from this trio who hail from Moscow and Siberia, recording their unique and adventurous dialog in the studio.
	Jorge, Paulo Alexandre Improbable Trio (w/ Tom Wheatley / Eddie Prevost): Elements Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 22046 Catalog Code: cs329 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 Out of Stock
Saxophonist Paulo Alexandre Jorge leads his Improbable Trio with Tom Wheatley on double bass and AMM/Matchless legendary percussionist Eddie Prevost in a six part album of ardent free improvisation on titles about Sex, Love, Death, Friendship, Art Beauty, Power Law, &c.
	Corso (Emilio Gordoa / Nicola L. Hein): Unwanted Pregnancy Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21737 Catalog Code: cs341 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Mexican composer and vibraphonist based in Berlin since 2012, Emilio Gordoa in a duo with guitarist Nicola L. Hein, using preparations to their vibraphones, percussion, and guitar, in an 8 part composition of diverse approaches to improvisation, from exuberant interaction to Reich-like minimalism to cantankerous experimentation, a well-rounded and interesting album.
	Via Lucis Trio: Via Lucis Trio Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21736 Catalog Code: cs338 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"The jazz is not always subject to their premises. Even the breaks in their future creative. The jazz in the present century, taking the legacy of its past vanguard�stico, welcomes new resources, other parameters as technical and musica...
	Voutchkova, Biliana / Ernesto Rodrigues / Micha Rabuske: 77 Kids Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21663 Catalog Code: CS337 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Exploratory free improvisation with an emphasis on strings from the trio of Ernesto Rodrigues on viola, Biliana Voutchkova on violin, and Micha Rabuske on flutes & sax, collective conversation with scraping and overblowing mutating their sound in interesting and curious ways.
	Rodrigues, Ernesto / Gerhard Uebele / Andrea Sanz Vela / Nathalie Ponneau / Thorsten Bloedhorn / Ofer Bymel: Licht Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21662 Catalog Code: cs333 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"At the same time risky attempt, masterpiece and manifest, Licht is a fine example of the radical, collective, demanding and disciplined approach of the best productions of Ernesto Rodrigues. Divided into seven parts entitled I-VII, Lic...
	Scarassatti, Marco / Eduardo Chagas / Gloria Damijan / Abdul Moimeme: Rumor Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21661 Catalog Code: cs332 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"Rumor is a studio session by four musicians who had recently performed together for the first time during the 2014 MIA improvisation festival in Lisbon. It joins two international visitors - Brazilian Marco Scarassatti on sound sculptu...
	Chientaroli, Nico: Cada Fuego Es El Primero Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21660 Catalog Code: cs330 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"Argentinian pianist (by way of Amsterdam) Nicolas Chientaroli delivers a solo performance that demonstrates the piano's architectural sound beyond the usual demarcation points of its 88 keys. Cada Fuego Es El Primero opens with plucked str...
	Wong, Eric: YYSSN Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21659 Catalog Code: cs328 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"Minneapolis-born Hong Kong raised and Berlin-based guitar performer Eric Wong is the author of this amazing release on Portuguese label Creative Sources, named after the initial of each of the five pieces he collected here. Since the o...
	Uliben Duo: Shared Memory Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21658 Catalog Code: cs327 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"The Uliben Duo's CD Shared Memory (Creative Sources CS 327 CD) more accurately describe the performance of French bassist Benoit Cancoin facing the live processing of German Ulrich Phillipp. In other circumstances Phillips also plays b...
	Hein, Nicola / Paul Lytton: Nahezu Nicht Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21657 Catalog Code: cs326 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"Although humanity's most in-demand and pervasive instruments the popularity of drums and guitars - or their equivalents - is so universal that there's no sanctioned method to play either. This is especially true with Free Music where adven...
	Variable Geometry Orchestra: Lulu Auf Dem Berg Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21656 Catalog Code: cs325 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"The opening moments of "Stream of Consciousness"are disorienting. Awash in reverb, as in an empty warehouse or a bounded public square, Maria Radich's vocals mingle with those of an audience of unknown size. Camera shutters click, men ...
	Janek, Klaus / Miriam Akkermann: The Tartini Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21655 Catalog Code: cs324 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"Over the years I don't think I reviewed a lot of music by Klaus Janek, who plays processed double bass. In Vital Weekly 962 there was his release with Claudio Rocchetti, a tour document of their concerts in the Far East. Here he shows ...
	Ullen, Lisa / Torsten Muller: Into The Staring Town Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21654 Catalog Code: cs323 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 Out of Stock
Recording at the Vancouver International Jazz Festival in 2014, the duo of Swedish pianist Lisa Ullen and German double bassist Torsten Muller perform two extended improvisations focused on music and sound, using extended techniques and unusual approaches to their instruments in service to the spontaneous flow of ideas between them, never excessive, always captivating.
	Lepany, Justin: Agnes (In Redemption) Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21653 Catalog Code: cs322 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
A half composed, half improvised album for solo electric guitar from composer and improviser Justin Lepany, known for his work with musicians like Sven-Ake Johansson and his composition "Ringing Peace" premiered during the 2014 Peace Nobel Prize ceremony: three diverse pieces using effects to create both density and spacious sonic fields.
	M² (M to the power of 2): Pink Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21652 Catalog Code: cs321 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Maria da Rocha's name may not be familiar to jazz and improvised music lovers in Portugal, and this is because this violinist and violist from Lisbon has worked mainly on the Berlin and Stockholm circuits and much of her dedication goes...
	Zabelka, Mia: Monday Sessions Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21651 Catalog Code: cs320 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"5th January, 12th January, 19th January, 4th February of the year 2015 have a thin red line (or I'd rather say a black line, considering their color on a calendar). They occurred on Monday, the first five Mondays of that year to be pre...
	Giesriegl & Schindler: So{u}ndages Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21650 Catalog Code: cs319 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"Both Giesriegl and Gratkowski are responsible for the sound in the gearbox. It deals with an extreme range of vocalisms, which are often composed of elements of spoken language, which are part of the sound ensemble. He draws from an al...
	Shibolet, Ariel / Alexander Frangenheim : A Set Of Music Played On June 17th Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21649 Catalog Code: cs318 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
"More like un-cropped images on a contact sheet, then burned and dodged portraits, this eight-track, 33-minute CD is a literal record of an improvisational session between two sound experimenters of divergent backgrounds but shared inte...
	Bohlen, Katharina / Reinald Noisten / Claudius Reimann : Long Clarinets - Short Stories? Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21648 Catalog Code: cs317 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Extending the realm of reeds in improvisation, the trio of three clarinetists--Katharina Bohlen, Reinald Noisten, and Claudius Reimann--perform on clarinet and bass clarinet with a diverse set of approaches, opening their 12 movement work with a trio of bass clarinets, and then permuting bass, b-flat clarinets and sax with remarkable technique.
	Rodrigues, Ernesto / Eduardo Chagas / Abdul Moimeme / Joao Madeira: Cloud Voices Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21647 Catalog Code: cs316 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
A three part improvised work for viola, trombone, electric guitar and double bass from, respectively, Ernesto Rodrigues, Eduardo Chagas, Abdul Moimeme, and Joao Madeira, an ascending conversation that uses innuendo, mystery, subtle movement, silence and swells to create atmospheric environments, each "voice" shifting enigmatically in sublimely hazy ways.
	Boscain, Ugo / Fred Marty: Estasi Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21646 Catalog Code: cs315 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Recording in the rich resonant structure of the Church of Gauriac, in Gironde, France, Italian reedist Ugo Boscain on contrabass clarinet and French double bassist Fred Marty explore the lower registers in five dialogs of an album titled for "ecstasi" (ecstasy), using a wealth of creative approaches and insane technique, from reserved to spirited forays.
	Gerszewski, Nikolaus: Ordinary Music Vol. 35: Textures Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21645 Catalog Code: cs314 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
German composer working in Budapest Nikolaus Gerszewski does not consider the score for this piece a composition, but rather a basis for a process, which is executed live at Fabrica Braco de Prata with Gerszewski himself plus improvisers Ernesto & Guilherme Rodrigues, Pedro Roxo, Nuno Torres, Armando Pereira, Carlos Santos, Pedro Castello Lopes & Andre Mota.
	Binder, Claudia: Piano Solo II Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21644 Catalog Code: cs312 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Pianist Claudia Binder presents 3 concepts for solo piano - the introspective "Room for a Sound" and it's dramatic inverse, "Sound for a Room"; "Polyphony" in 3 parts using piano preparation, one part playful, one part serious, one part peculiar; and an inexplicable "It Takes Two to Tango"--in performances revealing a curious mind and tremendous skill.
	Mirror Unit, The : Wind Makes Weather Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21643 Catalog Code: cs311 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Sharing common ground in improvisational language and extended techniques but approaching these materials in diverse and disparate ways, alto saxophonists Tim O'Dwyer and Georg Wissel, both using preparations on their sax and distinguished in separate stereo channels, present a singular concert of reed interactions live at the Peter Kowald Ort in Wuppertal, Germany
	Contrate, Quentin: Sekametelisoppa Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21642 Catalog Code: CS309 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Drummer Quentin Conrate works in contemporary music, musical theater and experimental art, concerned with space, sound and movement; here he is caught live at Festival Becoq in La Cooperative, Montolieu, France for an album of refracted and reverberant sound using a collection of objects described as "incomplete drums", and a wall.
	Irniger-Studer-Ulrich: Breakin'Up Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21641 Catalog Code: CS308 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Live recordings at Jazzclub Moods in Zurich, Switzerland in 2013 from the trio of Christoph Irniger on tenor saxophone, Daniel Studer on double bass, and Dieter Ulrich on drums & bugle, bringing together two generations of free improvisers for seven concise and masterful conversations, lyrically inclined in captivating interplay and solos.
	Rodrigues, Ernesto / Guilherme Rodrigues / Nuno Torres / Eduardo Chagas / Carlos Santos: Surfaces Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21640 Catalog Code: CS307 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
An immersive album of collective sound from the Portugues quintet of Ernesto Rodrigues on viola, Guilherme Rodrigues on cello, Nuno Torres on alto saxophone, Eduardo Chagas on trombone, and Carlos Santos on computer, developing rich sonic environments of great detail and intense patience, a tremendous journey that rewards the careful listener.
	Muller, Matthias / Matthias Muche : MM Squared Session Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21639 Catalog Code: CS306 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Two German trombonists, Matthias and Matthias Muche, extend the trombone language through four open improvisations using advanced techniques and bizarre language, each appropriately titled for phonemes, as the two players explore the strangest and most interesting sides of their instruments to the benefit of the intrepid listener.
	Rodrigues, Ernesto / Andrea Sanz Vela / Micha Rabuske / Klaus Kurvers: Sukasaptati Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21638 Catalog Code: CS305 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Live recordings at Exploratorium, in Berlin, Geremany in 2010 from the quartet of Klaus Kurvers on double bass, Andrea Sanz Vela and Ernesto Rodrigues on violin, and Micha Rabuske on dlute, bass clarinet, and soprano sax, collective improvisation with complex interplay and a bright spirit as the group follows their instincts in interesting dialog.
	Clinamen Trio (Marion / Di Donato / Berger): Decline Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21637 Catalog Code: CS304 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Roman philosopher Titus Lucretius Carus named "Clinamen" the unpredictable (in time and space) swerve of atoms falling in the void, which aptly describes the unexpected directions taken in subtle free improvisation from this French trio, led by bassist Louis-Michel Marion, with Jacques Di Donato on clarinet, and Philippe Berger on viola.
	Pollak, Andreas / Johan Graden: Terror Of Positivity Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21628 Catalog Code: cs303 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 Out of Stock
The Swedish duo of percussionist Andreas Pollak and prepared pianist Johan Graden (Adam & Alma) in an album of references and innuendo, clandestine and furtive sounds that evoke great mystery and drama in beautifully shaped sound; evocative music that deceives to emerge from the electronic realm while in actuality coming from all acoustic sources.
	Meurs! + Apolune: Meurs! + Apolune Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21627 Catalog Code: cs302 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
A co-production between BeCoq Records and Creative Sources, the quartet of saxophonist Mathhiew Lebrun with 3 guitarists--Leo Rathier, Paul Menard, and Thomas Coquelet--use preparations, feedbacks, glass, cymbals, microswitches, and unusual sax techniques to create unusual sonic environments that ebb and flow in introspective and disquieting ways.
	Wisseltangcamatta, The: Movements Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21610 Catalog Code: cs301 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
Live recordings at LOFT in Cologne, Germany from the trio of George Wissel on prepared saxophone, Achim Tang on doublebass, and Simon Camatta on drums & percussion, performing seven "Movements" that use prodigious technique with reserve and direction, revealing the structure of their work as the pieces build and recede in fascinating ways.
	Rodrigues, Ernesto / Guilherme Rodrigues / Miguel Mira / Nuno Torres / Eduardo Chagas / Antonio Chaparreiro / Rodrigo Pinheiro / Carlos Santos / Jose Oliveira : Jadis La Pluie Etait Bleue Label: Creative Sources Product Code: 21609 Catalog Code: cs300 Country: Portugal		Price: $15.95 In Stock
The second volume of the project heard in the previous Creative Sources album, "Suspensao", here in a 9-piece electroacoust ensemble with viola, cello, doublebass, alto sax, trombone, piano, electric guitar, computer and percussion, suspenseful lowercase music that unfolds in mysterious, beautiful and rewarding ways.